Dovetailiug-machikfe



UNITED sfrargns PATENT ernten.

D'. A. KING AND T. NoRRI's, or LEXINGTON, KENTUCKY.

Specificationv ofV Letters Patent No. 51,1175, datediJanuary To LIZ whom it 'may concern.'

Beit known that we, D. A. KING and T. NoRRrs, bothy of Lexington, in the county of Fayette and State of Kentucky, have invented'a new and useful machine, which we have named an Improved Dovetailing- Machine, andl we do hereby declare the l following to be a full, clear, and exact de# scription of the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings,.and letters of reference marked thereon, which form part of this specification.

Our invention relates to the means and method of forming the joints of cabinet, or other wood-work, somewhat after the manner known as .dovetailing and consists of a machine. having two sets of rotating bits or tools; one set of which forms the dovetail tenons, and the other setof which forms the mortises tovv match.

In order that others duly skilled maybe enabled to construct and use our invention, we shall proceed to describe it in detail.

In the accompanying drawings: Figure 1 is a perspective view of the complete machine. Fig. 2 is a plan of the same, looking down on top. Fig. 3l is a vertical section longitudinally through one of the mortising bits, and contiguous parts. Fig. 4c shows two pieces of board, all ready for being fitted or joined together, their matched ends having been formed by our machine.

Like letters of reference designate like parts in all the drawings.

The frame of the machine consists of stout uprights A, A, etc., and cross beams A', A', A, A etc.; the whole being solidly and firmly jointed and framed together by mortise and tenon, and secured by screw bolts, or other convenient and sufficient devices. The lower cross-beams A, A', carry a shaft a, to which is keyed the driving pulley or drum B, and on which shaft revolves the loose pulley or idler C.

b, shows one of the journal boXes of shaft a.

Two cross rails D, D, carry the spindles c, c, of two sets of pulleys E, E; and two other cross rails F, F, situated higher up than the last named, carry the spindles G, G, to any convenient number. These spindles G, G, etc. are properly journaled in boxes or bearings constructed in the cross rails F, F, and they each carry at onea extremity a mortise-bit el, and-at the other extremity j a tenoning or dove-tailing bit e. Each spindle likewise is furnished with a pulley or drum By means of a series of belts g, g, passing around driving pulley B, and Q over pulleys f and E, E, rapid ,rotary motion' 1 may be given to the spindles G, G, etc., and

to their bits d, al, c, e.'

.Tosthe long uprights A, A, two brackets H, H, are firmly secured; and these brackets `support a bench I. This bench slides in horizontal grooves cut in inner side of brackets, and may be moved by hand to o'r from' the bits or tools (l, (l, etc..y Two uprights JL., h, are secured to bench I, and carry the cross rail z'. Two clamping screws j, j, passing through the cross rail i, are attached to the clamping rail 7c. This bench I is furnished with a scale of inches and parts on its edge, and with a set-gage Z, which slides `in a slot m/nearto the graduated edge. vA movable gage, orstop ai, is attached to this bench for a purpose vhereinafter to be eX- zplained. Tothe short uprightsA,'.A, at f the other len'd of machine, two brackets J, J, are secured, and these brackets supporta bench K, furnished with clamping apparatus, set-gage Z, and graduated edge, etc., precisely like the bench I previously described,.\and on drawing the parts are designated by similar letters. There is this difference however between the two bench-es, viz: that that first described has a horizontal movement, while that last described has a vertical movement. The reason for this difference will appear farther on. An `adjustable stop or gage y, is furnished to this bench K, but it is fastened (adjustably) to the cross pieces A, A, instead of to the bench, as described in the case of stop At the foot of uprights A, A, two stout projecting arms L, L, are afliXed; and these receive the journals of rocking shaft M, which is furnished with a treadle N. This treadle is hinged at m', for convenience of being put out of the way when not in use. Two arms or cranks O, O, are formed on rocking shaft, and to these are attached the pitmen P, P; which pitmen carry attheir upper ends the cross piece Q, which slides up 'and down in vertical grooves a, in brackets H, H. This cross piece is furnished with chisel shaped tools or bits, w, w, etc., (Fig. 3,) for completing the mortises made by the rotating bits d, d, etc.

The operationA of the device or machine, whose several parts have been described, is as follows: Motion being communicated to the driving pulley B, from a steam engine, horse, or other power, the spindles Gr, Gr, and bits d, d, e, e, etc., are set in rapid motion. rl`his motion is however subject to the operator, and may be shut off or turned on at pleasure by any of the well known and commonly used devices. The bench I, having been drawn out as far from the bits d, d, as possible, and the gage m, set to correspond with the required depth of mortise; the board to be ointed is laid on the bench, (underneath the clamping bar la) its edge set by gage Z, on graduated edge, and the screws j, j, clamped down so as tokeep it firmly in position. Now the bits al, (Z, being in motion-the bench and board are rmly pressed against them, and they perforate a series of cylindrical mortises in the edge of the board. When this operation is accomplished, the bench I, is drawn out again as at first; and the workman pressing his foot firmly on the treadle N, forces up the cross piece Q, and its chisel shaped tools 10,10, w, &c. These cut out the neck fv, left bythe augers or bits cl, CZ, and complete the jointing of one board, as represented at Z, Fig. 4. The gage y, at the other end of machine being set to correspond with gage m, rst mentioned and the gage Z, on bench K, being also set to correspond with that o n bench I, the said bench K, is raised up entirely above the level of the bits e, e, e. Another piece of board is then laid on bench, clamped downl by the clamping apparatus, and the bench and board firmly depressed so as to come in contact with the rotating cutting bits e, e, e. These bits cut their way through, but leave a series of pedunculated disks (which we for brevitys sake call dove-tails) t, t, on board Y (Fig. l) corresponding to mortises on Z in same ligure. These only require to be iitted together and glued to make a neat and irm joint.

The advantages of our invention are greater accuracy of workmanship, together with eXtreme rapidity of execution, and consequently greatly decreased cost of manufacture, in those articles where it can be used.

We claim as our invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent:

l. The boring bits d, fl, and sliding bench I, in combination with the chisel bits w, fw, when constructed and arranged to operate together in forming the peculiar mortises on Z Fig. 4, substantially in the manner speciiied.

2. The combination and arrangement of' the tenoning bits e, e, the sliding bench K, and the adjustable stop y; constructed and operating substantially as, and for the purpose set forth.

DAVID A. KING. T. NORRIS. Witnesses:

JNO. C. HANsBRo, B. F. GRAVES. 

